| 1. | Mucous membrane |
| 2. | Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium (epithelial layer of mucosa) |
| 3. | Lamina propria of mucosa |
| 4. | Connective-tissue papilla of the lamina propria projecting into the epithelium |
| 5. | Layer of columnar cells of stratified epithelium resting on the basal membrane |
| 6. | Lymphoid follicle |
Dieser Ausschnitt der Wand der Speiseröhre zeigt die Lamina epithelialis und die Lamina propria der Tunica mucosa. Beim mehrschichtigen unverhornten Plattenepithel der Lamina epithelialis liegen zahlreiche Zellen dicht übereinander, so daß Schichten entstehen. Die Gestalt der Zellen ändert sich von den unteren Schichten zu den oberen. Die unterste, der Basalmembran aufsitzende Schicht, besteht aus kubischen bis zylindrischen Zellen mit dunklen Kernen und violettem Zytoplasma. Die darüberliegenden größeren polyedrischen Zellen erscheinen heller. Zur Oberfläche hin flachen sie immer mehr ab. Basal ragen Bindegewebspapillen aus der Lamina propria in das Epithel, so daß beide Schichten eng verzapft werden. In der Lamina propria sind hier, neben lockerem faserigem Bindegewebe mit zahlreichen Fibrozyten, Lymph- und Blutkapillaren, sowie Lymphfollikel zu sehen.
 | Mucous membrane |
 | Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium (epithelial layer of mucosa) |
 | Lamina propria of mucosa |
 | Connective-tissue papilla of the lamina propria projecting into the epithelium |
 | Layer of columnar cells of stratified epithelium resting on the basal membrane |
 | Lymphoid follicle |
|
H&E is the most common survey stain, which shows cell nuclei and cytoplasmatic components.
| Structures | Colour |
| Nuclei | blue |
| Cytoplasm | pale red |
| Connective-tissue fibres - Collagen - Reticular - Elastic |
red - pale rose to red |
| Muscle tissue | red |
| Erythrocytes | red-orange |
| Hematoxylin | (e.g. hemalaun, Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin) Hematoxylin is a positively charged dye (at low pH values). It therefore colors negatively charged (basophilic) structures blue, like the DNA of nuclear chromatin, the RNA of rough endoplasmatic reticulum, and the acidic glycosaminoglycans of hyaline cartilage. Hematoxylin used in the preparation of iron varnish is Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin and in the preparation of aluminum varnish is hemalaun. |
| Eosin | Eosin is a negatively charged dye used for counterstaining. It stains all remaining structures different shades of red (acidophilic). |
Thiazinrot |
Thiazinrot behaves similar as eosin. |
Magnification:
10x
Magnification:
32x
Magnification:
50x
Magnification:
202x
1. Organization of the screen surface
Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)
2.Histologic specimen
Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.
3. Complementary information
Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
Knowledge: short texts with basic histologic information, presently deactivated
4. General Program Functions
Home: returns you to the “start” page
Tutor: how to contact the HistoNet Team
Help: Instructions for Use appear
Exit: closes down the HistoNet program
Boxes: goes back to the other specimen of a topic
VM: provides virtual microscopy
We hope you will enjoy working with HistoNet2000 and learn a lot from it!