| 1. | Mucous membrane |
| 2. | Epithelial layer of mucosa (nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium) |
| 3. | Lamina propria of mucosa (connective tissue) |
| 4. | Lamina muscularis of mucosa (smooth muscle) |
| 5. | Submucosa |
| 6. | Muscular layer (Circular layer) |
| 7. | Desquamated epithelial cells |
Der Querschnitt durch die Speiseröhre läßt folgende Wandschichten erkennen: die geschlängelt verlaufende Tunica mucosa (Schleimhaut), die Tela submucosa und einen kleinen Anschnitt der inneren Ringmuskelschicht (Stratum circulare), der Tunica muscularis.
Die Tunica mucosa besteht aus drei weiteren Schichten:
Die Muskelschicht der Tunica mucosa ist bei der Speiseröhre gut ausgeprägt, so daß das Bindegewebe von Lamina propria mucosae und Tela submucosa klar voneinander abzugrenzen sind.
 | Mucous membrane |
 | Epithelial layer of mucosa (nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium) |
 | Lamina propria of mucosa (connective tissue) |
 | Lamina muscularis of mucosa (smooth muscle) |
 | Submucosa |
 | Muscular layer (Circular layer) |
 | Desquamated epithelial cells |
|
|
H&E is the most common survey stain, which shows cell nuclei and cytoplasmatic components.
| Structures | Colour |
| Nuclei | blue |
| Cytoplasm | pale red |
| Connective-tissue fibres - Collagen - Reticular - Elastic |
red - pale rose to red |
| Muscle tissue | red |
| Erythrocytes | red-orange |
| Hematoxylin | (e.g. hemalaun, Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin) Hematoxylin is a positively charged dye (at low pH values). It therefore colors negatively charged (basophilic) structures blue, like the DNA of nuclear chromatin, the RNA of rough endoplasmatic reticulum, and the acidic glycosaminoglycans of hyaline cartilage. Hematoxylin used in the preparation of iron varnish is Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin and in the preparation of aluminum varnish is hemalaun. |
| Eosin | Eosin is a negatively charged dye used for counterstaining. It stains all remaining structures different shades of red (acidophilic). |
Thiazinrot |
Thiazinrot behaves similar as eosin. |
Der Oesophagus ist ein ca. 25 cm langer Muskelschlauch, der den Rachen (Pharynx) mit dem Magen verbindet. Er gliedert sich in drei Teile:
Die Wand des Oesophagus ist entsprechend der Funktion gebaut:
Die Schleimhaut schafft eine glatte Gleitfläche. Mit einer dünnen Muskelschicht (Lamina muscularis mucosae) paßt sie sich an die Form des zu schluckenden Bissens an. Die Muskelwand (Tunica muscularis) befördert den Speisebrei vom Rachen in den Magen.
Magnification:
10x
Magnification:
32x
Magnification:
50x
Magnification:
202x
1. Organization of the screen surface
Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)
2.Histologic specimen
Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.
3. Complementary information
Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
Knowledge: short texts with basic histologic information, presently deactivated
4. General Program Functions
Home: returns you to the “start” page
Tutor: how to contact the HistoNet Team
Help: Instructions for Use appear
Exit: closes down the HistoNet program
Boxes: goes back to the other specimen of a topic
VM: provides virtual microscopy
We hope you will enjoy working with HistoNet2000 and learn a lot from it!