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Specimen Nr. 04

Specimen:

Blood smear (Human being)

Staining:

Pappenheim

Magnification:

1200x

Important structures :

1.Cytoplasm of a monocyte
2.Monocyte (kidney-shaped nucleus)
3.Erythrocyte
Monozyten haben einen Durchmesser von 12-20 µm und einen exzentrisch liegenden nierenförmigen Kern. Im Kern können 1-3 Nucleoli beobachtet werden. Das schwach blaugraue Zytoplasma der Monozyten enthält nur unspezifische Granula und viele Mitochondrien.

Legende:

Cytoplasm of a monocyte
Monocyte (kidney-shaped nucleus)
Erythrocyte

Pappenheim stain

Pappenheim stain is a combination of May-Grünwald and Giemsa stains. They are the stains generally used for blood smears.

Structures Colour
Nuclei reddish-violet
Neutrophilic granules bluish-pink to brownish
Eosinophilic granules brick-red to brown-orange
Basophilic granules dark blue-violet
Lymphocytic cytoplasm light blue
Monocytic cytoplasm light blue
Erythrocytes pink
Thrombocytes blue with red-violet internal bodies

Dyes:

The May-Grünwald stain contains the dyes eosin and methylene blue.
The Giemsa stain contains the dyes eosin, methylene blue, methylene azure and methylene violet.

Monozyten machen etwa 5% der Leukozyten aus. Ihre Zahl im Blut beträgt weniger als 500 pro µl. Sie werden im Knochenmark gebildet und gelangen von dort ins Blut, in dem sie etwa 2 Tage zirkulieren. Nach Einwanderung in das Gewebe gehen Gewebsmakrophagen aus den Monozyten hervor (zum Beispiel Alveolarmakrophagen, Kupffer-Sternzellen der Leber), die viele Jahre dort leben. Neben der Phagozytose können sie auch den T-Lymphozyten Antigene präsentieren.
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Cytoplasm of a monocyte
Monocyte (kidney-shaped nucleus)
Erythrocyte

HistoNet2000 - Help

1. Organization of the screen surface

Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)

2.Histologic specimen

Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.

3. Complementary information

Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
Knowledge: short texts with basic histologic information, presently deactivated

4. General Program Functions

Home: returns you to the “start” page
Tutor: how to contact the HistoNet Team
Help: Instructions for Use appear
Exit: closes down the HistoNet program
Boxes: goes back to the other specimen of a topic
VM: provides virtual microscopy

We hope you will enjoy working with HistoNet2000 and learn a lot from it!

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