Specimen Nr. 03A

Specimen:

Pharyngeal tonsil (Human being)

Staining:

H&E

Magnification:

4x

Important structures :

1.Throat (pharynx)
2.Surface epithelium
3.Lymphoid tissue with secondary follicles
4.Crypts
5.Connective tissue septa
Die Rachenmandel (Tonsilla pharyngealis) ist gegen die Rachenmuskulatur durch eine Kapsel abgegrenzt. Sie besitzt eine zerklüftete Oberfläche mit zahlreichen Krypten. Entlang dieser Krypten findet der Kontakt mit den Antigenen statt, der die Bildung von Sekundärfollikeln mit Keimzentrum und Korona induziert. Das Organ ist außerdem durch Bindegewebssepten unterteilt, die leicht mit den Krypten zu verwechseln sind.

Legende:

Throat (pharynx)
Surface epithelium
Lymphoid tissue with secondary follicles
Crypts
Connective tissue septa

Localisation of organs of immune-lymphatic system[we]

1. Pharyngeal tonsil
2. Palatine tonsil
3. Lymph node
4. Lymphatic vessels
5. Spleen
6. Peyer's patches
7. Thymus

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)

H&E is the most common survey stain, which shows cell nuclei and cytoplasmatic components.

Structures Colour
Nuclei blue
Cytoplasm pale red
Connective-tissue fibres
- Collagen
- Reticular
- Elastic

red
-
pale rose to red
Muscle tissue red
Erythrocytes red-orange

Dyes:

Hematoxylin (e.g. hemalaun, Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin)
Hematoxylin is a positively charged dye (at low pH values). It therefore colors negatively charged (basophilic) structures blue, like the DNA of nuclear chromatin, the RNA of rough endoplasmatic reticulum, and the acidic glycosaminoglycans of hyaline cartilage.
Hematoxylin used in the preparation of iron varnish is Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin and in the preparation of aluminum varnish is hemalaun.
Eosin Eosin is a negatively charged dye used for counterstaining. It stains all remaining structures different shades of red (acidophilic).

Thiazinrot

Thiazinrot behaves similar as eosin.
Die Rachenmandel (Tonsilla pharyngealis) ist ein unpaares Organ und hat keine afferenten Lymphgefäße. Sie erreicht im Kindergartenalter ihre maximale Größe. Eine vergrößerte Rachenmandel kann sich vom Rachendach bis vor die Öffnung der Nasengänge ausdehnen, was bei Kindern zu einer behinderten Nasenatmung führt. Außerdem kann die Öffnung der Tuba auditiva, der Verbindung zwischen Mittelohr und Rachen, eingeengt werden, was zu Schwerhörigkeit und Mittelohrentzündung führen kann. Trotzdem ist die chirurgische Entfernung einer vergrößerten Rachenmandel sorgfältig abzuwägen.
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Magnification:

4x

Magnification:

25x

Magnification:

400x

Magnifications
Throat (pharynx)
Surface epithelium
Lymphoid tissue with secondary follicles
Lymphoid tissue with secondary follicles
Crypts
Connective tissue septa

HistoNet2000 - Help

1. Organization of the screen surface

Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)

2.Histologic specimen

Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.

3. Complementary information

Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
Knowledge: short texts with basic histologic information, presently deactivated

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