Specimen Nr. 05

Specimen:

Lymph node (Rat), immunologic reaction, migration

Staining:

Alkaline-phosphatase technique, nucleus stained with hemalaun

Magnification:

400x

Important structures :

1.Lumen of a high endothelial venule (HEV)
2.High endothelium of a high endothelial venule (HEV)
3.Injected Lymphocyte in the lumen of a HEV
4.Injected Lymphocyte in the wall of a HEV
5.Injected Lymphocyte in paracortical region
Lymphozyten wurden markiert und 30 Minuten nach intravenöser Injektion in einer HEV immunhistochemisch nachgewiesen. Sowohl B- als auch T-Lymphozyten gelangen auf diesem Weg in den Lymphknoten. Über die afferente Lymphe erreichen die Antigene den Lymphknoten. Wenn das Antigen von "seinem" Lymphozyten erkannt wird, beginnt eine Immunantwort.

Legende:

Lumen of a high endothelial venule (HEV)
High endothelium of a high endothelial venule (HEV)
Injected Lymphocyte in the lumen of a HEV
Injected Lymphocyte in the wall of a HEV
Injected Lymphocyte in paracortical region

Localisation of organs of immune-lymphatic system[we]

1. Pharyngeal tonsil
2. Palatine tonsil
3. Lymph node
4. Lymphatic vessels
5. Spleen
6. Peyer's patches
7. Thymus

Immunohistochemestry

Immunohistochemistry is used to confirm the presence of or to identify certain structures or substances in tissue sections which cannot be identified with conventional staining methods. Such structures include: cells, enzymes, hormones, macromolecules like nucleic acids and polysaccharides. The basis of immunohistochemical staining techniques is the antigen-antibody reaction. This method makes it possible to differentiate, for example, various cells in a tissue section according to their different metabolic products or surfaces. Either the metabolic product or a certain surface component serves as the antigen. In the first step, the antigen reacts with a specific antibody. The resulting antigen-antibody complex is invisible. Therefore, in a further step a second antibody bound to an adjuvant is added and binds to the initial antibody (so-called sandwich procedure). The bound adjuvant makes the antigen-antibody complex visible under the microscope and identifies the sought structure. Adjuvants are:

Combination with further dyes or staining techniques:

Die Lymphknoten haben die Aufgabe, möglichst viele Antigene mit vielen Lymphozyten in Kontakt zu bringen, um so die Wahrscheinlichkeit zu erhöhen, daß das Antigen von "seinem" spezifischen Lymphozyten erkannt wird. Mehrere afferente Lymphgefäße, die in verschiedenen Geweben ihren Ursprung haben können, sammeln sich in einem Lymphknoten und konzentrieren so Antigene (z.B. Bakterien, Tumorzellen) aus einem großen Bereich auf kleinem Raum. Diese Antigene werden dann im Paracortex von interdigitierenden dendritischen Zellen den T-Lymphozyten präsentiert.
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Lumen of a high endothelial venule (HEV)
High endothelium of a high endothelial venule (HEV)
High endothelium of a high endothelial venule (HEV)
Injected Lymphocyte in the lumen of a HEV
Injected Lymphocyte in the wall of a HEV
Injected Lymphocyte in paracortical region

HistoNet2000 - Help

1. Organization of the screen surface

Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)

2.Histologic specimen

Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.

3. Complementary information

Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
Knowledge: short texts with basic histologic information, presently deactivated

4. General Program Functions

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