Specimen Nr. 02A

Specimen:

Spleen (Rat)

Staining:

H&E and India-ink stain of macrophages

Magnification:

15x

Important structures :

1.Capsule
2.Red pulp
3.White pulp
4.Trabecular vein
In der Übersicht erkennt man die zwei Hauptbestandteile der Milz: die rote Pulpa und die weiße Pulpa. Die weiße Pulpa umfaßt die dunkler blau gefärbten Areale, die vorwiegend aus Ansammlungen von Lymphozyten bestehen. Die heller gefärbten und locker strukturierten Areale stellen die rote Pulpa dar. In der roten Pulpa kann man Trabekelvenen erkennen.

Legende:

Capsule
Red pulp
White pulp
Trabecular vein

Localisation of organs of immune-lymphatic system[we]

1. Pharyngeal tonsil
2. Palatine tonsil
3. Lymph node
4. Lymphatic vessels
5. Spleen
6. Peyer's patches
7. Thymus

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)

H&E is the most common survey stain, which shows cell nuclei and cytoplasmatic components.

Structures Colour
Nuclei blue
Cytoplasm pale red
Connective-tissue fibres
- Collagen
- Reticular
- Elastic

red
-
pale rose to red
Muscle tissue red
Erythrocytes red-orange

Dyes:

Hematoxylin (e.g. hemalaun, Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin)
Hematoxylin is a positively charged dye (at low pH values). It therefore colors negatively charged (basophilic) structures blue, like the DNA of nuclear chromatin, the RNA of rough endoplasmatic reticulum, and the acidic glycosaminoglycans of hyaline cartilage.
Hematoxylin used in the preparation of iron varnish is Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin and in the preparation of aluminum varnish is hemalaun.
Eosin Eosin is a negatively charged dye used for counterstaining. It stains all remaining structures different shades of red (acidophilic).

Thiazinrot

Thiazinrot behaves similar as eosin.
Die Milz wird sehr gut durchblutet und kann deswegen mit einem in die Blutbahn eingebauten Filter verglichen werden. In der roten Pulpa werden alte Erythrozyten ausgesondert und mikrobielle Erreger von Makrophagen phagozytiert. Durch die weiße Pulpa wandern ständig viele Lymphozyten. Deswegen besteht eine große Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß ein antigen-spezifischer Lymphozyt in der Milz "sein" Antigen trifft und so eine effektive Immunantwort ausgelöst werden kann.
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Magnification:

15x

Magnification:

50x

Magnification:

100x

Magnification:

200x

Magnification:

400x

Magnifications
Capsule
Capsule
Red pulp
Red pulp
White pulp
White pulp
Trabecular vein

HistoNet2000 - Help

1. Organization of the screen surface

Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)

2.Histologic specimen

Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.

3. Complementary information

Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
Knowledge: short texts with basic histologic information, presently deactivated

4. General Program Functions

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Help: Instructions for Use appear
Exit: closes down the HistoNet program
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VM: provides virtual microscopy

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